![]() After Tito's death, the leadership of Yugoslavia was transformed into an annually rotating presidency to give representation to all of Yugoslavia's nationalities and to prevent the emergence of an authoritarian leader. Tito envisaged the SFR of Yugoslavia as a "federal republic of equal nations and nationalities, freely united on the principle of brotherhood and unity in achieving specific and common interest." A very powerful cult of personality was built around Tito, which was maintained by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia even after his death. Tito wavered between supporting either a centralised or more decentralised federation and ended up favouring the latter in order to keep ethnic tensions under control thus, the constitution was gradually developed in order to delegate as much power as possible to each republic in keeping with the Marxist theory of withering away of the state. In the following years, alongside other political leaders and Marxist theorists such as Edvard Kardelj and Milovan Đilas, Tito went on to initiate the idiosyncratic model of socialist self-management in which firms were managed through workers' councils and all workers were entitled to workplace democracy and equal share of profits. Despite being one of the founders of the Cominform, he became the first Cominform member and the only leader in Joseph Stalin's lifetime to defy Soviet hegemony in the Eastern Bloc, leading to the expulsion of Yugoslavia from the organisation in 1948 in the event known as the Tito–Stalin split. By the end of the war, the Partisans – with backing of the Allies since mid-1943 – took power in Yugoslavia.Īfter the war, Tito was the chief architect of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY), serving as the prime minister (1944–1963), president (1953–1980 since 1974 president for life), and marshal of Yugoslavia, the highest rank of the Yugoslav People's Army (JNA). During World War II, after the Nazi invasion of the area, he led the Yugoslav guerrilla movement, the Partisans (1941–1945). Having assumed de facto control over the party by 1937, he was formally elected its general secretary in 1939 and later its president, the title he held until his death. Upon his return to the Balkans in 1920, he entered the newly established Kingdom of Yugoslavia, where he joined the Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ). He participated in some events of the Russian Revolution in 1917 and the subsequent Russian Civil War. ![]() ![]() After being seriously wounded and captured by the Russians during World War I, he was sent to a work camp in the Ural Mountains. Drafted into military service, he distinguished himself, becoming the youngest sergeant major in the Austro-Hungarian Army of that time. Tito was born to a Croat father and Slovene mother in the village of Kumrovec in Austria-Hungary (present-day Croatia). Tito's political ideology and policies are collectively known as Titoism. ![]() He also served as the prime minister from 2 November 1944 to 29 June 1963 and president of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 14 January 1953 until his death on. During World War II, he was the leader of the Yugoslav Partisans, often regarded as the most effective resistance movement in German-occupied Europe. Josip Broz ( Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Јосип Броз, pronounced ⓘ – ), commonly known as Tito ( / ˈ t iː t oʊ/ Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Тито, pronounced ), was a Yugoslav communist revolutionary and politician who served in various positions of national leadership from 1943 until his death in 1980. ![]()
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